Introduction to VL Electrical Heating and Cooling Stage：

Each model of the probe-based thermal stage is specifically designed for variable temperature electrical testing of samples. It integrates an electrical module and precise temperature control, enabling accurate contact with samples via probes and transmission of electrical signals to external instruments. Each model features a wide temperature control range: low temperatures are achieved through liquid nitrogen or TEC cooling, while high temperatures are realized using resistance heating. The temperature control is stable (±0.1℃) and supports multiple modes. It is compatible with optical/electrical instruments, comes standard with 4 sets of probes and BNC interfaces, and supports customized expansion to meet research needs in various fields.